The relationship of the participation of rice farmers in managing water resources to rice production during the Covid 19 pandemic

Rice food security can be realized through increased production of irrigated rice fields. Still, floods and droughts due to extreme weather and the Covid-19 pandemic can threaten food production and security. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the participation of rice farmers in managing water resources on rice production during the Covid-19 pandemic. The study was conducted during the 2020 Covid-19 pandemic in South Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province. The research population is all farmers who are members of the water-using farmers' association, 130 farmers. The sample will be selected using a simple random sampling method for 39 people. Variables of lowland rice farmers' participation in water resource management include planning, attendance, provision of fees, security and maintenance of water resources and lowland rice farming production. The data were analyzed using Chi-Square analysis. The results of this study indicate that the participation of rice farmers in managing water resources on rice production during the covid 19 pandemic in the form of planning, attendance, procurement of fees, and security in managing water resources is significantly related to lowland rice production during the Covid-19 pandemic so that Partially the higher the participation of farmers in managing water resources can increase the output of lowland rice and the availability of rice is always available to maintain regional food security.

Blue swimming crab supply chain before and during the covid-19 pandemic against small fishermen in central buton regency, indonesia (A case study of the spelman strait coastal waters)

Unprepared mitigation due to the Covid-19 pandemic caused disruption in the food supply chain. On the other hand, food needs increased along with the implementation of lockdown. It includes one of the blue swimmer crab (Portunus pelagicus) raw material suppliers, the Spelman Strait's coastal waters which experienced supply chain disruptions during the Covid-19 pandemic, compared to before the pandemic. This raises concerns that in the future, the Covid-19 pandemic will cause new unemployment. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of the blue swimmer crab supply chain before and during the Covid-19 pandemic and the role of the Central Buton Regency Government in addressing these problems. The data analysis applied is a socio-ecological system approach based on the spider diagram model. Respondents were selected using the purposive sampling method. Furthermore, the research results showed that the blue swimmer crab supply chain in the Spelman Strait experienced disruption. Since the catch of fishers are not accommodated by the local collectors, exporters did not provide local collectors either. Before and during the Covid-19 pandemic, there was no intervention from the local government in the supply chain. The supply chain that currently works formed its networking independently. Therefore, both central and local governments must have concern and support for supply chain risks for coastal fisheries actors. It can be applied through the formulation and implementation of information systems and network policies. © 2021, BIOFLUX SRL. All rights reserved.

Analysis of Household Food Security of The Bajo Community in West Muna Regency during The COVID 19 Pandemic

Food security during the Covid-19 pandemic is a condition in which all Bajo households have access to food both physically and economically for all their family members so that they are not at risk of losing both access during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study aims to determine the household food security of the Bajo community in the West Muna Regency during the Covid 19 pandemic. This research was carried out in March-May 2020 in Latawe Village, Napano Kusambi District, West Muna Regency. The research location was selected purposively considering that the village is a coastal village where most of the population living is Bajo people who work as fishermen as many as 180 families. Many as 64 families determined the number of research samples using the Slovin formula and sampling using a simple random sampling technique. Data analysis was carried out using a descriptive method to measure the food security of Bajo households during the Covid 19 pandemic, which was estimated using the share of food spending where if the percentage of food spending was <60% of total spending, the household was food-secure and if the share of food spending was 60% of total expenditures, are households that are food insecure. The results show that 46.88% of Bajo households are food secure, and 53.12% are food insecure.

Market structure of abalone (Haliotis asinina) in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia

Abalone is one type of shellfish that has high economic value. This study aimed to assess market structure of abalone. The study was carried out in Bajo Bahari Village in Buton District, and Bau-Bau Municipality. Respondents consisted of 30 abalone catchers in the village, and three village abalone collectors (VACs) and two inter-island abalone traders (IATs) selected using snowball sampling method. Data were collected first in February 2015 and in May 2020 during Covid-19 pandemic. Data were analyzed qualitatively. Market structure was identified through assessment of the nature of competition based on the number of buyers and sellers, product differentiation, and entry and exit barriers. Study results showed that market structure exhibits oligopsony, in which the number of producers are more than that of village collectors, product differentiation is absent, and there exist some barriers to entry for village collectors. During Covid-19 pandemic, fishermen stop catching wild abalone, so there are still no more products to be marketed.